Investigating State Changes

Aim: 

To observe water as it changes state from solid to liquid

Equipment:

A 250 ml beaker
Thermometer
Bunsen Burner
Heatproof mat
Tripod
Gauze mat
Stopwatch
Retort stand with clamp
Ice cubes

Method:

1. Fill the beaker with a little bit of water to prevent cracking
2. Collect enough ice so that your beaker is half full and place the thermometer into it while you set up the rest of the equipment
3. Set up the retort stand and clamp alongside the tripod and gauze mat
4. Place the beaker of ice on the gauze mat and gently clamp the thermometer so that it is held upright and the scale is easy to see. The bottom of your thermometer should be low enough to still be covered by the water when the ice melts.

Results: 

Time (Min)	Temp (Celsius)
0	0
1	11
2	15
3	16
4	23
5	30
6	44
7	57
8	70
9	82
10	93
11	100

Conclusion

Everyone who was doing the experiment got different results. But for us, it took 11 minutes to reach boiling point. It was around 2 or 3 minutes before the ice completely melted. It heated up quite slowly at the beginning but sped up a lot more at the end.

One Of The Dealiest, Yet Most Life Changing, Mass Shootings In The UK

This is my Social Studies video on The Dunblane Massacre. I call it the most life-changing, as it was the mass shooting that made the government decide to tighten the gun laws in the UK.
This is the transcript of the video for if you don't understand! -

The Dunblane Massacre. Known as the deadliest mass shooting in UK history.

The perpetrator, Thomas Watt Hamilton was a 43-year-old ex-shopkeeper living in Dunblane at the time. At 20, he volunteered at Boy Scouts as a leader. 

Originally, in July 1973, he was appointed an assistant. Later that year, he was seconded as the leader of a troop which was currently being revived. Many complaints were made, a lot to do with sexual harassment towards the young scouts. 

After a while, Hamilton was blacklisted by the association.

Though the true motive was not discovered, many believe it was out of anger towards those who spread rumours that caused the many sporting clubs he ran to be stopped, others think he was angry at the Scouts Association for banning him.

March 13, 1996, Hamilton arrived at school at half past 9 am. He proceeded to cut the cables on the telephone poles. 

He entered the school, armed with 4 guns. One of the teachers, Gwen Mayor, had just entered the gym with her class of 29 when he fired a couple shots before entering the gym. 

He began opening fire, wounding many. He left the gym and headed towards the library and other facilities before returning later, dropping the previous gun and choosing another to end his own life.

18 people died that day, including the teacher, Gwen Mayor, and Hamilton himself. People began protesting for the gun laws to be changed. 

Citizens launched the Snowdrop Campaign, which seeked change in the British gun laws. About 750,000 people signed a petition to change the gun laws in the UK.

The government listened to the residents and tightened the laws. Currently, the law states a ban on all cartridge ammunition handguns. This left only muzzle-loading and historic handguns legal, as well as a set kind of sporting handguns.

Shakespeare, Shakespeare, and more Shakespeare!

Today in English, Mrs Clark came in to help explain how Shakespeare and his language works.

Credit

Shakespeare is a very strange and difficult thing to read, even harder to understand.

What do I know about Shakespeare now?
It's known as "Modern English," as it comes after Middle and Old English. A lot of the words are made up or are the first written versions of them.
Nobody actually ever spoke like that back then, it's all very figurative. It has rhythm and rhyme, unlike normal, everyday conversation.
The way you say, portray and express the writing is just as important as what you're actually saying. Tone, mood and emotion are extremely important.

More and More Musical Theatre!

Performing

What have you most enjoyed about the musical theatre project?The singing and performing aspects of it. I've always been a theatre geek myself.

What is the most challenging part of the song?
Really getting into it. Without choreography, it's quite hard to really get into it and enjoy singing.

How are you feeling about the performance day?
Nervous. I'm afraid of things; someone embarrassing us, my voice cracking, people laughing at us etc.

What can you do to help with your own nerves on the day of the performance? Just try to do my best, ignore the audience, and reassure myself of what will go great.

The science of stage fright (and how to overcome it) - Mikael Cho

Idina Menzel - She was in; The Vagina Monologues, Rent, The Wild Party, Aida, Summer of '42, Hair, Wicked, Funny Girl, See What I Wanna See, If/Then, Skintight. Has starred in some movies.
Defying Gravity
Let It Go - Live

Keala Settle - She has been in; Jesus Christ Superstar, Waitress, Priscilla, Queen of the Desert: The Musical, Hairspray, South Pacific, Hands on a Hardbody, Les Miserables.
This Is Me
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xAuApTfEpak

Jonathan Groff - Was in; In My Life, Spring Awakening, Godspell, Spring Awakening, Hair, Prayer for My Enemy, The Singing Forest, Deathtrap, The Submission, Hamilton, A New Brain, Sondheim on Sondheim.

Matthew Morrison -

Taye Diggs

Q’s Which shows have they been in?
What were their favourite roles ( If you can find that out)
Where did they study to be an actor?
What other types of performing have they done?

Chromatography

Aim:

To separate the different pigments in inks using paper chromatography.

Equipment:

Ink pens,
A test tube,
a strip of filter paper,
ice-block stick
chromatography solution

Method:

1. Cut a piece of filter paper long enough to reach the bottom of your test tube.
2. Rule a line in pencil 2cm from the bottom of the paper.
3. Fill the test tube with 1cm of chromatography solution.
4. Place a dot of ink above the ruled line.
5. Tape paper to stick and place in solution.
6. Wait and observe.
7. Repeat with 2 other colours.

Results:

Jakita and I did 5 different tests with 4 different colours. The pink, red, and blue tests didn't really show us anything, though it looked really cool. The black, on the other hand, showed us how many pigments actually go in these pens. In the black pen, a range of colours is shown, including blue, yellow, red, and orange. 

        Look at these!

Conclusion:

The pigments in some pens have higher or lower solubility than others. For example, the blue and red pigments in the pens we used had a higher solubility than the pink pen because they travelled higher on the filter paper. Using Chromatography, we can not only figure out the solubility of pigments but find out what pigments were used in a specific pen.